Mu myaka ya vuba aha, Afurika yabaye ingenzi mu bikorwa by'iterambere rirambye, kandi urwego rw'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi (EV) narwo ni uko. Uko isi igenda ihinduka iganisha ku bundi buryo bwo gutwara abantu n'ibintu busukuye kandi butangiza ibidukikije, ibihugu bya Afurika biri kubona akamaro ko gushyiraho ibikorwa remezo bikomeye byo gusana imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi kugira ngo bishyigikire ubwiyongere bw'ubukene bw'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi ku mugabane.
Kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi bituma habaho ishyirwaho ry’amashanyarazi ya EV muri Afurika ni uko hakenewe cyane gukemura ibibazo by’ibidukikije no kugabanya kwishingikiriza ku bikomoka kuri peteroli. Urwego rw’ubwikorezi rufite uruhare runini mu ihumana ry’ikirere n’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, kandi guhindura imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi bishobora kugira uruhare runini mu kugabanya ibi bibazo. Ariko, kugira ngo ikoreshwa ry’amashanyarazi ya EV ribeho, ni ngombwa gushyiraho ibikorwa remezo byizewe kandi bikwirakwizwa hose.
Ibihugu byinshi bya Afurika birimo gufata ingamba zo guteza imbere urusobe rw'ibigo byo gushyushya amashanyarazi bya EV. Afurika y'Epfo, Nijeriya, Kenya na Maroc ni bimwe mu bihugu bikora intambwe ikomeye muri uru rwego. Izi ngamba ntizishingiye gusa ku bidukikije ahubwo zishingiye no ku nyungu z'ubukungu zijyanye n'urwego rw'ubwikorezi rufite isuku kandi rurambye.
Urugero, Afurika y'Epfo yabaye ku isonga mu iterambere rya sitasiyo za amashanyarazi. Guverinoma yashyize mu bikorwa politiki yo gushishikariza ikoreshwa ry'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi kandi ishora imari mu bikorwa remezo byo gushyushya. Ubufatanye bwa leta n'abikorera ku giti cyabo burimo kugira uruhare runini muri iki gikorwa, aho amasosiyete afatanya gushyira sitasiyo zo gushyushya mu mijyi no ku mihanda minini.
Muri Nijeriya, guverinoma irimo gukora ku gushyiraho ibidukikije bifasha iterambere ry’uburyo amashanyarazi agenda. Ubufatanye n’imiryango mpuzamahanga n’abashoramari bigenga burimo gukorwa kugira ngo batere inkunga kandi bashyire mu bikorwa imishinga y’ibikorwaremezo byo kwishyuza amashanyarazi. Intego ni ukureba ko amashanyarazi ashobora kwishyuzwa mu buryo bworoshye haba mu mijyi no mu byaro, bigateza imbere ubwisanzure mu guhindura uburyo amashanyarazi agenda.
Kenya, izwiho guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga, nayo irimo gutera intambwe mu iterambere rya sitasiyo zo gushyushya amashanyarazi za EV. Guverinoma iri gukorana n'ibigo byigenga mu gushyiraho ibikorwa remezo byo gushyushya amashanyarazi, kandi hari gahunda zo gushyira amasoko y'ingufu zishobora kuvugururwa mu muyoboro wo gushyushya amashanyarazi. Ubu buryo bubiri ntibuteza imbere gusa ubwikorezi busukuye ahubwo bunajyanye n'intego zagutse z'iterambere rirambye rya Afurika.
Maroc, ifite intego yo gukoresha ingufu zisubira, irimo gukoresha ubuhanga bwayo muri uru rwego mu guteza imbere iterambere rya sitasiyo zo gushyushya amashanyarazi za EV. Igihugu kirimo gushyira sitasiyo zo gushyushya amashanyarazi ahantu h'ingenzi mu rwego rwo koroshya ingendo ndende kandi kirimo gushakisha uburyo bwo guhuza ikoranabuhanga rigezweho kugira ngo hongerwe imikorere myiza n'uburyo ibikorwa remezo byo gushyushya amashanyarazi bigerwaho.
Mu gihe ibihugu bya Afurika bikomeje gushora imari mu bikorwa remezo byo gusana imodoka za EV, ntabwo biri gutegura inzira y’ejo hazaza heza ho gutwara abantu, ahubwo binateza imbere iterambere ry’ubukungu no guhanga imirimo. Guteza imbere umuyoboro ukomeye wo gusana imodoka ni ingenzi kugira ngo bigabanye impungenge zijyanye n’ibibazo byo mu bwoko bwa 'range' no gushishikariza abaguzi kwitabira imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi.
Mu gusoza, ibihugu bya Afurika biri kwemera impinduramatwara y’ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi, bikumvikana ko ari ngombwa ko habaho ibikorwa remezo bikoresha amashanyarazi. Binyuze mu bufatanye mu by’ingamba, inkunga ya leta, n’umuhate wo gukomeza iterambere, ibi bihugu birimo gushyiraho urufatiro rw’ejo hazaza aho amashanyarazi adashobora kuba ingirakamaro gusa ahubwo anatanga umusanzu mu gutuma umugabane urushaho kuba mwiza kandi utera imbere.
Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi kuri ibi, twandikire.
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Igihe cyo kohereza: 20 Gashyantare 2024
