Abakora sitasiyo zo gusharija imodoka:Bitewe n’iterambere rikomeje mu ikoranabuhanga rya bateri n’ibigo by’imodoka mu nzego zoroheje n’izindi, urwego rw’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi rukomeje gutera imbere, urwego rw’imodoka zirenga kilometero 1,000 rwagiye rushyirwa ahagaragara rumwe ku rundi, impungenge z’urugendo rw’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi ziragabanuka, ariko gusharija biratinda, gusharija biragoye "gusubiza impungenge z’ingufu" biracyabangamira iterambere ry’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi. Ikoranabuhanga rihari ryo gusharija risaba abaguzi gutegereza iminota 40 cyangwa irenga kugira ngo buzuze, ingendo zo mu biruhuko "gusharija isaha imwe, gutondeka umurongo amasaha ane" byabaye ikibazo gikomeye ku batunze imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu, ku buryo kongera amashanyarazi vuba nk’uko byoroshye kongeramo lisansi byabaye icyerekezo cy’inganda zikoresha amashanyarazi.
Abakora sitasiyo zo gusharija imodoka: Sisitemu ya 800V ifite voltage nyinshi + gusharija vuba cyane ku modoka zikoresha amashanyarazi ishobora kugera ku gihe cyo gusharija cy'iminota 10 n'uburebure bwa kilometero 300, ibi bikaba bishobora gukemura neza impungenge zo kongera gusharija, kandi byitezwe ko bizaba inzira nyamukuru yo gusharija vuba. Amasosiyete y'imodoka zo mu gihugu no mu mahanga yamaze gukora imiterere ikwiye, kandi ubwoko bwinshi bwa 800V buzakorwa ku bwinshi muri 2022. Ariko ifite imodoka ya 800V ifite voltage nyinshi mu gusharija bisanzwe, umuvuduko wo gusharija ntabwo ujyanye n'ibyo witeze, ntabwo ishobora kugera ku gusharija vuba cyane, bityo impera y'uruhererekane rw'inganda igomba kuvugururwa hamwe n'impera y'imodoka, ibice byinshi by'inzira bizabyungukiramo.
Ubwa mbere, ni iki gisobanura gusharija ingufu nyinshi
Abakora sitasiyo zo gusharija imodoka: Gusharija vuba ni ugusharija vuba, igipimo gishobora gusharija inshuro (C). Uko gusharija birushaho kuba binini, niko igihe cyo gusharija kirushaho kuba gito.
Igikoresho cyo gushyushya (C) = amashanyarazi akoreshwa mu gushyushya (mA) / ubushobozi bwa batiri (mAh)
Urugero, niba ubushobozi bwa bateri ari 4000mAh kandi umuriro wo gusharija ukagera kuri 8000mAh, igikoresho cyo gusharija ni 8000/4000 = 2C.
Abakora sitasiyo zo gusharija imodoka: Gusharija ku giciro cyo hejuru ntabwo ari 0%-100% by'ikiguzi bikorwa no gusharija ku giciro cyo hejuru. Uburyo bwo gusharija bugabanyijemo ibice bitatu, icyiciro cya 1: imiterere yo gusharija mbere; icyiciro cya 2: gusharija ku giciro cyo hejuru; icyiciro cya 3: gusharija ku giciro cyo hejuru.
Abakora sitasiyo zo gusharija imodoka: Icyiciro cya mbere cyo gusharija mbere y’uko imodoka itangira gukora bigira uruhare mu kurinda bateri, icyiciro cya 2 ni cyo twita icyiciro cyo gusharija gifite umuvuduko mwinshi, ingufu z’iki gikorwa akenshi ziba hagati ya 20% na 80%; icyiciro cya 3 cyo gusharija ingufu zihoraho zigamije kugabanya ingufu, gukumira bateri kugira ingufu zirenze urugero, zishobora kwangiza imiterere ya bateri.
1, Abakora sitasiyo zo gusharija imodoka: gusharija vuba bigomba kunozwa kugira ngo byongere imbaraga z'impera yo gusharija n'umuvuduko w'ingufu za batiri/umuvuduko wo gusohora umuriro
Hari uburyo bubiri bw'ingenzi bwo gusharija kuri EV: gusharija byihuse DC na AC charger buhoro.
Abakora sitasiyo zo gusharija imodoka: Gusharija buhoro bya AC bihuye n'aho imodoka zihagarara mu rugo cyangwa aho imodoka zihagarara, ingufu zo gusharija ni nto kuva kuri kilowati nke kugeza kuri kilowati nyinshi, akenshi bifata amasaha 8-10 kugira ngo zishyurwe neza. Gusharija buhoro bya AC bikoresha ingufu za 220V AC bivuye kuri grid, bikayihinduramo ingufu za DC binyuze muri AC/DC converter iri muri charger ya OBC kugira ngo itange bateri ya EV. Abakora sitasiyo zo gusharija imodoka: Kubera imbaraga nke zo gusharija, ingufu za AC/DC converter yubatswe muri OBC iri muri board muri rusange ziba nke, kandi igiciro ni gito.
Abakora sitasiyo zo gusharija imodoka: Gusharija vuba vuba muri rusange bihuye n'uburyo bwo gusharija mu mihanda minini/ingendo ndende, aho ingufu zigera kuri kilowati amagana kandi bigatwara isaha 1-2 gusa kugira ngo bisharirwe byuzuye. Intego nyamukuru yo gusharija vuba vuba kwa DC ni ukwimura AC/DC ifite ingufu nyinshi mu mwanya wo gusharija vuba, aho DC ihindura ingufu za AC kuva kuri grid mu ngufu nyinshi za DC binyuze mu cyuma gikosora kugira ngo isharije bateri y'imodoka mu buryo butaziguye. Ingufu nyinshi zo gusharija vuba zishobora kugera kuri 350kW cyangwa ndetse na 480kW, kandi igihe cyo gusharija vuba cyane cyitezwe kugabanuka kikagera ku minota iri munsi ya 30, kandi mu gihe kizaza gishobora gukandamizwa kikagera ku minota iri munsi ya 10.
Abakora sitasiyo zo gusharija imodoka:Imbunda yo gusharija ya DC yihuta ni "ikiraro" cya sisitemu yo gusharija ya DC yihuta, ikora uburyo bwo kohereza no guhindura ingufu n'amakuru hagati y'imashini isharija n'imodoka. Imbunda isanzwe ya HUBER+SUHNER ikonjesha amazi, RADOX® HPC 600, irashobora gusharija kugeza kuri 600A (kugeza kuri 800A mu buzima busanzwe), ifite imikorere ya 600kW/1000V. RADOX® HPC 600 itanga gusharija 600A yihuta (igera kuri 800A), imikorere ya sisitemu ya 600kW/1000V, sisitemu yo gupima ikoreshwa, ihuza ibintu bishobora gusimburwa kugira ngo birambe igihe kirekire, umutekano mwinshi ufite amanota ya IP67, hamwe na CCS1 na CCS2. Ishobora gusharija vuba neza kandi neza, ishobora kugumana umuvuduko wo gusharija mwinshi, ikagira icyizere cy'umutekano wo gusharija, ikagabanya uburemere bw'ibikoresho n'ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga, kandi ni amahitamo meza ku bikoresho bikonjesha amazi byihuta.
Ishusho
2. Abakora sitasiyo zo gusharija imodoka: Kunoza umuvuduko wo gusharija vuba: bakeneye kunoza imbaraga zo gusharija no kongera gusharija/gusohora batiri icyarimwe.
Ingufu zikoreshwa mu gusharija ni zo bushobozi buke bwo gusharija n'imbaraga zo gusharija bateri, kandi kugira ngo wongere umuvuduko wo gusharija vuba, ni ngombwa kunoza imbaraga zo gusharija n'umuvuduko wo gusharija/gusohora bateri icyarimwe.
Abakora sitasiyo zo gusharija imodoka:Ingufu zo gusharija (formula P=UI) zishobora kongerwa no kongera voltage cyangwa amashanyarazi. Dufashe urugero rwa Porsche, Porsche Taycan ni yo moderi ya mbere yashyizeho platform ya 800V ifite voltage nyinshi, kandi nk'ikimenyetso gisanzwe cy'inzira ifite voltage nyinshi, imbaraga zayo zo gusharija zageze kuri 350kW.
Icya kabiri, ibyiza n'ibibi byo gusharija umuriro ukoresheje ingufu nyinshi ndetse n'imiterere y'iterambere ririho ubu.
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