Kwishyuza Inganda Inganda Inararibonye Iterambere Riturika: Politiki, Ikoranabuhanga no Gutwara Isoko Amahirwe mashya

Imiterere yinganda: Gukwirakwiza mubipimo n'imiterere

Dukurikije imibare iheruka gutangwa n’ubushinwa bw’amashanyarazi yishyuza ibikorwa remezo biteza imbere ibikorwa remezo (EVCIPA), mu mpera za 2023, umubare w’ibirundo by’amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa wari urenzeMiliyoni 9, hamwe nibirundo rusange byishyuza bingana na 35% naho ibirundo byishyuza byigenga bigera kuri 65%. Umubare w’ibirundo bishya bishyirwaho mu 2023 wiyongereyeho hejuru ya 65% umwaka ushize, byerekana ko inganda zateye imbere cyane.

Mu rwego rwa geografiya, kwishyuza ibikorwa remezo byagiye byiyongera kuva mu mijyi yo mu cyiciro cya mbere nka Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, na Shenzhen kugera mu mijyi ya kabiri n'iya gatatu ndetse no ku masoko yo ku rwego rw'intara. Intara zateye imbere nka Guangdong, Jiangsu, na Zhejiang ziyobora igihugu mu kwishyuza ibirundo, mu gihe uturere two hagati n’iburengerazuba nabwo bwihutisha kohereza. Byongeye kandi, igipimo cy’ibirundo byihuta byiyongereye cyane, hamwe n’ibirundo by’amashanyarazi menshi (120kW no hejuru) byiyongereye biva kuri 20% muri 2021 bigera kuri 45% muri 2023, bigabanya neza impungenge z’abakoresha.

Inkunga ya Politiki: Igishushanyo cyo hejuru-Urwego rwihutisha iterambere ryinganda

Iterambere ryihuse ryinganda zishyuza zishyigikiwe cyane na politiki yigihugu. Mu 2023, Ibiro Bikuru by'Inama ya Leta byasohoyeAmabwiriza yo gukomeza kubaka sisitemu yo mu rwego rwo hejuru yishyuza ibikorwa remezo, gushiraho intego isobanutse yo kugera aikinyabiziga-ku kirundo cya 2: 1 muri 2025no kureba neza uburyo bwo kwishyuza ahantu hakorerwa imirimo yimihanda.

Inzego z'ibanze nazo zashubije byimazeyo ingamba zifatika:

• Beijingitanga inkunga igera kuri 30% yo kubaka ibikorwa remezo byishyurwa rusange kandi ishishikariza ibigo ninzego gusangira ibirundo byimbere.
• Intara ya Guangdongirateganya gushyiraho ibirundo bishya birenga miriyoni mugihe cyo guteganya imyaka 14 yimyaka itanu, hibandwa ku kunoza imiyoboro yo kwishyuza imijyi nicyaro.
• Intara ya Sichuanyatangije gahunda ya “Kwishyuza ibirundo mu cyaro” hagamijwe guteza imbere ibikorwa remezo byo kwishyuza mu cyaro.Ikindi kandi, Komisiyo y’igihugu ishinzwe iterambere n’ivugurura yashyize ibirundo byo kwishyuza ku rutonde rw’imishinga y’ibanze “ibikorwa remezo”, biteganijwe ko ishoramari ry’inganda riteganijwe kurengaMiliyari 120mu myaka itatu iri imbere, gutera imbaraga zikomeye mumirenge.
  

  Guhanga udushya mu buhanga: Ibisubizo byubwenge nicyatsi biyobora ejo hazaza

  1. Iterambere muri Ultra-Byihuta Kwishyuza
     Ibigo bikomeye nka CATL na Huawei byatangije600kW y'amazi akonje ultra-yihuta yo kwishyuza ibirundo, gushoboza “iminota 5 yishyuza kuri 300 km intera.” Sitasiyo ya V4 ya Supercharger ya Tesla nayo yoherejwe mu mijyi myinshi y'Ubushinwa, irusheho kunoza imikorere yo kwishyuza.
  2. Imirasire y'izuba-Ububiko-Kwishyuza Moderi
     Ibigo nka BYD na Teld birimo gushakisha ibisubizo byicyatsi kibisi bihuza ingufu zizuba, kubika ingufu, no kwishyuza, bikagabanya cyane imyuka yangiza. Kurugero, sitasiyo yerekana i Shenzhen irashobora kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere buri mwaka toni 150.
  3. Kwishyuza Byubwenge na V2G Ikoranabuhanga
     Sisitemu yo gukoresha imashanyarazi ya AI ikoresha uburyo bwogukoresha imbaraga zo kwishyuza kugirango wirinde imiyoboro irenze. Abakora amamodoka nka NIO na XPeng bashyizeho ikoranabuhanga rya Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G), bituma EV zitanga amashanyarazi kuri gride mugihe cyamasaha atari meza, bizamura ingufu.

     Inzitizi zinganda: Ibibazo byunguka nibisanzwe

     Nubwo ifite ibyiringiro byinshi, inganda zishyuza ibirundo ziracyafite ibibazo byinshi:

     1. Ibibazo byunguka: Usibye ibintu byinshi bikoreshwa cyane, ibirundo byinshi byishyuza rusange bifite ikibazo cyo gukoresha bike, bigatuma abashoramari baharanira kugera ku nyungu.
     2. Kubura ubuziranenge: Imikoreshereze idahwitse yimikorere, protocole yitumanaho, hamwe na sisitemu yo kwishyura birema uburambe bwabakoresha.
     3. Umuyoboro: Gukoresha cyane cyane ibirundo byamashanyarazi birashobora gukurura amashanyarazi yaho, bisaba kuzamura ibikorwa remezo byamashanyarazi.

     Kugira ngo ibyo bibazo bikemuke, impuguke mu nganda zirasaba kubyemezaIcyitegererezo "kubaka no gukora bihuriweho", uburyo bukomeye bwo kugena ibiciro, hamwe na tekinoroji yingufu zamashanyarazi kugirango zongere imikorere kandi zongere uburambe bwabakoresha.

     Icyerekezo kizaza: Kuba isi ihinduka hamwe niterambere ryibidukikije

     Abashinwa bishyuza ibirundo byihuta kwaguka kwisi. Mu 2023, ibigo nka Star Charge na Wanbang New Energy byabonye ibicuruzwa byo hanze mu Burayi no mu majyepfo y’amajyepfo ya Aziya byiyongera hejuru ya 150% umwaka ushize. Hagati aho, umushinga wa Huawei Digital Power w’umushinga wihuta cyane wo kwishyuza mu burasirazuba bwo hagati ugaragaza uruhare rukomeye ku isi mu ikoranabuhanga ry’Ubushinwa.

     Imbere mu gihugu, inganda zishyuza zigenda ziva mu kigo cyoroshye cyo gutanga ingufu zihinduka urwego rukomeye mu bidukikije bifite ingufu. Hamwe no gukura kwikoranabuhanga nka V2G no gukwirakwiza ingufu, kwishyuza ibirundo bizahinduka igice cyingenzi cya gride yubwenge.