Nkibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi (EV) byagutse ku isi, hakenewe ibikorwa remezo bisanzwe kandi bifatika bitera kwishyuza. Uturere dutandukanye twafashe amahame atandukanye yo kwizirika ku mbaraga zabo zihariye zisabwa, ibidukikije bishinzwe kugenzura, n'ubushobozi bw'ikoranabuhanga. Iyi ngingo itanga isesengura ryuzuye ryibipimo byambere bishyurwa muri Amerika, Uburayi, Ubushinwa, Ubuyapani, ibisobanuro byo kwishyuza sitasiyo, hamwe ningamba zifatika zo guteza imbere ibikorwa remezo.
Amerika: Sae J1772 na CCS
Muri Amerika, ibipimo bikunze gukoreshwa mu buryo bwo kwishyuza ni Sae J1772 kugirango ac yishyuza hamwe na sisitemu yo kwishyuza hamwe (CCS) kuri AC na DC bishyuza. SAE j1772, uzwi kandi nka JLUG, ikoreshwa cyane kurwego rwa 1 nurwego rwa 2 AC Kwishyuza. Urwego 1 Kwishyuza bikora kuri 120 Volts (V) kugeza kuri Amperes kugeza kuri 16 (a), gutanga umusaruro wibibazo kugeza kuri 1.92 (kw). Urwego 2 Kwishyuza bikora kuri 240v no gushika kuri 80a, gutanga umusaruro w'amashanyarazi kugeza 19.2 KW.
Ibipimo bya CCS bishyigikira ububasha bwo hejuru dc kwishyuza byihuse, hamwe na charger isanzwe ya DC muri Amerika itanga hagati ya KW 50 na 350 ku ya 200 kugeza 1000 VolA. Iki gipimo gifasha kwishyuza byihuse, bigatuma iba ibereye ingendo ndende nubucuruzi.
Ibikorwa remezo bisabwa:
Ibiciro byo Kwishyiriraho: AC CORGERGE (Urwego rwa 1 nurwego rwa 2) Urwego rutoroshye rwo kwinjiza kandi rushobora guhuzwa mubintu byo guturamo hamwe nubucuruzi buriho byamashanyarazi.
Kuboneka kw'imbaraga:DC AmashanyaraziSaba ibikorwa remezo by'amashanyarazi bifatika, birimo amashanyarazi menshi hamwe nuburyo bwo gukonjesha bukomeye bwo gucunga amashuri yubushyuhe.
Ubuyobozi bushinzwe kugenzura: kubahiriza amategeko yo kubaka hamwe nubuziranenge bwumutekano ni ngombwa kugirango habeho umutekano mwiza wa sitasiyo.
Uburayi: Andika 2 na CCS
Uburayi bwiganjemo gukoresha ubwoko bwa 2 umuhuza, buzwi kandi nka mennekes ihuza, kugirango AC yishyuza na CCS kuri DC bishyuza DC. Ubwoko bwa 2 umuhuza yagenewe icyiciro kimwe na Phases-icyiciro cyateganijwe. Icyiciro kimwe cyo kwishyuza kijyanye na 230v no kugeza kuri 32a, guha abantu 7.4. Icyiciro cyicyiciro cya gatatu gishobora gutanga kugeza kuri 431 na 63a.
CCS i Burayi, izwi ku izina rya CCS2, ishyigikira kwishyuza ac na DC.DC AmashanyaraziMu Burayi mubisanzwe kuva ku ya 140 KW, kubahiriza voltage hagati ya 200v na 1000v n'imigezi kugeza 500A.
Ibikorwa remezo bisabwa:
Ibiciro byo Kwishyiriraho: Andika amaguru 2 ni ibintu neza kugirango ushyire kandi bihujwe na sisitemu y'amashanyarazi menshi yo guturamo n'ubucuruzi.
Kuboneka kwamashanyarazi: Imbaraga nyinshi zisaba DC ifarashi yihuta isaba ishoramari ryingenzi mu bikorwa remezo, harimo imirongo ya voltage yitaruye hamwe na sisitemu yo gucunga neza.
Kumenyekanisha neza: kubahiriza umutekano w'ubumwe bw'ibihugu by'Uburayi no kwiteriza imikoranire byemeza ko kurera no kwizerwa kw'ibiro byayo.
Ubushinwa: GB / T bisanzwe
Ubushinwa bukoresha ibipimo bya GB / T kuri AC na DC bishyuza. GB / T 20234.2 Ibipimo Byakoreshejwe Kuri AC Kwishyuza, hamwe nigiciro kimwe cyo kwishyuza ikorera kuri 220v no kugeza 32 Icyiciro cy'icyiciro cya gatatu gikora kuri 380v no gushika kuri 63a, gitanga agera kuri 43.8.
Kuri DC kwishyuza byihuse, theGB / T 20234.3 IbipimoGushyigikira imbaraga ziva muri 30 KW kugeza 300 kw, hamwe na voltage ikora kuva 200v kugeza 1000V n'imigezi kugeza 400a.
Ibikorwa remezo bisabwa:
Ibiciro byo Kwishyiriraho: AC CORKGERS ACITEDER YA GB / T ACRO / T Ingaruka ya GB / T ikora neza kandi irashobora guhuzwa muri guturamo, ubucuruzi, nubucuruzi, hamwe nibikorwa remezo bihari byamashanyarazi.
Kuboneka kwa DC: DC Amashanyarazi Yihuse asaba ibikorwa bidasanzwe byamashanyarazi, harimo no guhuza ibikorwa byinshi hamwe nuburyo bwo gukonjesha kugirango ucunge ubushyuhe butangwa mugihe cyo kwishyuza.
Kumenyekanisha neza: kwemeza kubahiriza ibipimo ngenderwaho by'igihugu by'Ubushinwa ni ngombwa kugira ngo hakemurwe neza kandi neza y'ibiro bishyuza.
Ubuyapani: Igipimo cya chademo
Ubuyapani bukoresha cyane cyane imikoreshereze ya chademo kuri DC yishyuza byihuse. Chademo ashyigikira imbaraga zidasanzwe kuva ku ya 50 kugeza kuri 400, hamwe na voltage ikora hagati ya 200v na 1000v n'imigezi bigera kuri 400a. Kubwo gushyuza, japan akoresha ubwoko bwa 1 (j1772) Umuhuza, Gukora kuri 100v cyangwa 200v kuri gahunda imwe yo kwishyuza, hamwe nububasha bugera kuri 6 KW.
Ibikorwa remezo bisabwa:
Ibiciro byo Kwishyiriraho: AC CORGERS AC GAKORESHEJWE UMWITOZO WA 1 UFATANYIJWE CYANE CYANE KANDI UREBE GUSHYIRA MU BIKORWA BY'AKAZA KANDI BY'UBUCURUZI.
Kuboneka kwamashanyarazi: DC Amashanyarazi Yihuse ashingiye kuri chademo asaba ishoramari ryibikorwa remezo byamashanyarazi, harimo imirongo ya voltage yitaruye hamwe nuburyo bukonjesha.
Kumenyekanisha neza: kubahiriza umutekano wu Buyapani hamwe nubushinwa bukomeye bwabayapani ningirakamaro kubikorwa byizewe no gufata neza en kwishyuza sitasiyo.
Tesla: Umuyoboro wa Experiet
Tesla akoresha urwego rwibikoresho nyirubwite kumuyoboro wayo uheruka, gutanga byihuta cyane dc kwishyuza byihuse. Tesla Superchartsgers irashobora kugeza ku ya metero 250 kuri 480v no kugeza kuri 500a. Ibinyabiziga bya Tesla mu Burayi bifite abihuza CCS2, bikabemerera gukoresha CCS Imyambarire yihuta.
Ibikorwa remezo bisabwa:
Ibiciro byo Kwishyiriraho: Abaherekeranye na Tesla barimo ishoramari ryibikorwa remezo, harimo amashanyarazi menshi hamwe nuburyo bwo gukonjesha bwo gukonjesha kugirango bakemure ibibazo byinshi.
Kuboneka kwamashanyarazi: Imbaraga nyinshi zisaba abadepite zisaba ibikorwa remezo byamashanyarazi bitangwa, akenshi bisaba ubufatanye nibigo byingirakamaro.
Kumenyekanisha neza: kwemeza kubahiriza ibipimo ngenderwaho by'umutekano mu karere ni ngombwa mu bikorwa byizewe kandi bifite umutekano.
Ingamba zifatika zo kwishyuza sitasiyo
Igenamigambi ryahantu:
Uturere tban: Wibande ku kwinjiza amaguru ya AC muri AC MORGERS YAKAYE, BY'UBUCURUZI, N'AKARGEGU YO MU BIKORWA GUTANGA AMAHIRWE YORO, GUTANDUKURA GUKORESHA UMUNSI.
Inzira nyabagendwa n'inzira ndende: Kohereza DC Amashanyarazi byihuse mugihe gito hamwe ninzira ndende ninzira ndende kugirango woroshye kwishyuza abagenzi.
Ihuriro ry'Ubucuruzi: Shyiramo imbaraga za DC Isuku DC yihuta kumahuriro yubucuruzi, ibigo bya porogaramu, na feteri yo gusubiranamo kugirango bashyigikire ibikorwa by'ubucuruzi.
Ubufatanye bwa Leta n'abikorera:
Gufatanya ninzego zibanze, ibigo byingirakamaro, nibigo byigenga kugirango bigerweho no kohereza ibikorwa remezo.
Gutesha agaciro ubucuruzi hamwe na ba nyir'umutungo kugirango ushyireho amaguru ya EV utanga inguzanyo zimisoro, inkunga, ninkunga.
Imibare n'imyitozo ngororamubiri:
Guteza imbere kwemerwa ubuziranenge rusange kugirango tumenye neza imikoranire hagati ya EV itandukanye no kwishyuza imiyoboro.
Gushyira mu bikorwa protocole yo mu itumanaho hafunguwe kugirango yemere guhuza ibintu bitandukanye byimiyoboro itandukanye, Gushoboza abakoresha kubona byinshi bishinzwe kwishyuza hamwe na konti imwe.
Kwishyira hamwe no gucunga ingufu:
Kwinjiza sitasiyo hamwe nikoranabuhanga rya Smart Grid rishobora gucunga ingufu no gutanga neza.
Gushyira mu bikorwa ibisubizo byo kubika ingufu, nka bateri cyangwa ibinyabiziga kuri sisitemu (v2g), kuringaniza impinja zisabwa kandi zikongerera imbaraga gride.
Uburambe bwabakoresha no kugerwaho:
Menya neza ko sitasiyo yo gushyuza abakoresha, hamwe namabwiriza asobanutse hamwe nuburyo bwo kwishyura.
Tanga amakuru nyayo kumatwara akarere ka Charger na status ukoresheje porogaramu zigendanwa na sisitemu yo kugenda.
Kubungabunga buri gihe no kuzamura:
Shiraho protocole yo kubungabunga kugirango urebe neza ko kwizerwa n'umutekano wo kwishyuza ibikorwa remezo.
Tegura kuzamura buri gihe kugirango ushyigikire imbaraga zo hejuru niterambere ryikoranabuhanga.
Mu gusoza, ibipimo bitandukanye birwanya uturere dutandukanye birerekana ko inzira ikenewe kuri EV iterambere ryiterambere ryibikorwa remezo. Mugusobanukirwa no gukemura ibisabwa bidasanzwe kuri buri gipimo, abafatanyabikorwa barashobora kubaka neza umuyoboro wuzuye kandi wizewe ushyigikira inzibacyuho yisi yose.
Twandikire:
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