Hamwe no gukura byihuse ku isoko ry'ikinyabiziga mu Bushinwa, gusaba ikoranabuhanga mu kinyabiziga kurigata ku mokori (V2G) byarushijeho kuba ingenzi mu kubaka ingamba z'ingufu z'igihugu hamwe na gride nziza. V2G ikoranabuhanga rihindura ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi mu bice by'ingufu za mobile no gukoresha ibirundo bibiri bishyuza kugirango tumenye gukwirakwiza ubutegetsi mu kinyabiziga kugeza kuri gride. Binyuze muri iki kinyabiziga c'amashanyarazi, ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi birashobora gutanga imbaraga kuri gride mugihe cyo gupakira hejuru no kwishyuza mugihe gito, bifasha kuringaniza umutwaro kuri gride.
Ku ya 4 Mutarama 2024, Iterambere ry'igihugu n'iterambere ry'igihugu hamwe nandi mashami yatanze inyandiko ya mbere yo mu rugo yibasira byimazeyo V2G - "Ibitekerezo byo gushyira mu bikorwa tekinoroji no gukora imikoranire y'ibinyabiziga bishya." Ukurikije "ibitekerezo byabanjirije ikibanza" Kuyobora ku kubaka uburyo bwo kwishyuza ibikorwa remezo bwo kwishyuza ibintu byinshi "byatanzwe n'ibiro rusange by'inama ya Leta, bisobanurwa no gusobanura ibinyabiziga by'imodoka, ariko nanone bishyiraho intego zihariye kandi Ingamba, kandi ziteganijwe kubikoresha mu ruzi rwa Yangtze, Pearl River Delta, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei-Shandong, Sichuan na Chongqing nibindi uturere hamwe nuburyo bukuze kugirango ushireho imishinga yerekana.
Amakuru yabanjirije aya yerekana ko hari ibirundo 1.000 bishyuza hamwe n'imikorere ya V2G gusa, kandi kuri ubu hari ibirundo bya miliyoni 3.98 bishyuza muri iki gihugu, ibarura miliyoni 0,025% by'ibirundo bihari. Byongeye kandi, tekinoroji ya V2G yo guhuza ibinyabiziga nayo ikuze, kandi gusaba nubushakashatsi bwikoranabuhanga ntibusanzwe. Nkigisubizo, hari umwanya munini wo gutera imbere mukwamamare muri tekinoroji ya V2G mumijyi.
Nkumuderevu wumujyi muto wa karubone, Beijing arimo guteza imbere gukoresha ingufu zishobora kuvugururwa. Umujyi munini w'ibinyabiziga bishakishwa no kwishyuza ibikorwa remezo byashyizeho urufatiro rwo gusaba tekinoroji ya V2G. Mu mpera za 2022, umujyi wubatse ibirundo birenga 280.000 bishyuza na bateri ya bateri 292.
Ariko, mugihe cyo guteza imbere no gushyira mubikorwa, ikoranabuhanga rya V2G naryo rihuye nibibazo, cyane cyane bijyanye nibishoboka byo gukora neza no kubaka ibikorwa remezo bihuye. Abashakashatsi bafata Beijing nk'icyitegererezo, abashakashatsi bo mu kigo cy'ubushakashatsi giherutse gukora baherutse gukora ubushakashatsi ku ingufu z'imijyi, amashanyarazi no kwishyuza inganda zijyanye n'ikirundi.
Ibirundo bibiri bishyuza bisaba amafaranga menshi yo gushora imari
Abashakashatsi bamenye ko niba V2G ikoranabuhanga rya V2G riteganijwe mu mijyi, ishobora kuba yagabanyije ikibazo kiriho cya "Biragoye kubona ibirundo" mu mijyi. Ubushinwa buracyari mubyiciro byambere byo gusaba tekinoroji ya V2G. Nkuko umuntu ushinzwe uruganda rwimari bwerekanye, mu ikoranabuhanga rya V2G rimeze gutemerera terefone zigendanwa kugira ngo amayeri ya banki, ariko porogaramu nyayo isaba imicungire ya bateri yateye imbere na gride imikoranire ya bateri.
Abashakashatsi bakoze iperereza ku masosiyete agenga ikirundo i Beijing kandi bamenya ko ahari, abarundo rwo kwishyuza muri Beijing ni ibirundo kimwe bishinja ibinyabiziga gusa. Guteza imbere ibirundo bibiri bishyuza hamwe n'imikorere ya V2G, ubu duhura n'ibibazo byinshi bifatika:
Ubwa mbere, imigi ya mbere, nka Beijing, ihura nubutaka. Kubaka sitasiyo yishyuza hamwe nibikorwa bya V2G, byaba ubukode cyangwa kugura ubutaka bwigihe kirekire nibiciro byinshi. Ikirenzeho, biragoye kubona ubutaka bwiyongera kuboneka.
Icya kabiri, bizatwara igihe cyo guhindura ibirundo bihari. Igiciro cy'ishoramari cyo kwishyuza ibirundo birasa, harimo ibiciro by'ibikoresho, umwanya wo gukodesha no kurwara guhuza insga. Ishoramari ubusanzwe rifata byibura imyaka 2-3 kugirango dusubiremo. Niba retrofitting ishingiye kubirundo bihari, ibigo bishobora kubura intego zihagije mbere yuko ibiciro byagarurwa.
Mbere, amakuru yamakuru yavuzwe ko muri iki gihe, igihangano v2g V2G mu mijyi izahura n'ibibazo bibiri bikomeye: icya mbere ni ikiguzi kinini cyo kubaka. Icya kabiri, niba imbaraga zibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi bihujwe na gride idakwiye, irashobora kugira ingaruka kumutekano wa gride.
Ikoranabuhanga ryikoranabuhanga rifite ibyiringiro kandi rifite amahirwe menshi mugihe kirekire.
Gushyira mu bikorwa ikoranabuhanga rya V2G risobanura iki kubafite imodoka? Inyigisho zifatika zerekana ko imbaraga zingufu zintera ntoya zijyanye na 6km / kwh (ni ukuvuga isaha imwe ya kilowatt irashobora gukoresha ibirometero 6). Ubushobozi bwa bateri bwimodoka ntoya muri rusange ni 60-80kw (amasaha 60-80 Kilowatt-Amashanyarazi), kandi imodoka y'amashanyarazi irashobora kwishyuza amasaha agera kuri 80 za kilowatt-amasaha agera kuri 80. Nyamara, gukoresha ingufu zitwara ibinyabiziga birimo ibintu bifatika, nibindi ugereranije na leta nziza, intera yo gutwara izagabanuka.
Umuntu ushinzwe isosiyete yo kwishyuza isosiyete yavuzwe haruguru ifite icyizere ku bijyanye n'ikoranabuhanga rya V2G. Yagaragaje ko ikinyabiziga gishya cy'ingufu gishobora kubika amasaha 80 ya kilowatt y'amashanyarazi iyo aregwa neza kandi ashobora gutanga amasaha 50 ya Kilowatt-Amashanyarazi kuri Grid buri gihe. Kubara ukurikije ibiciro by'amashanyarazi bishinja abashakashatsi babonye muri parikingi y'ubutaka mu buryo bwo guhaguruka mu masaha ya kane y'iperereza ari 1.1 Yuan / KWH (KIMBITARO CY'IGIHUGU BIKURIKIRA MU GIKORWA), kandi Igiciro cyo kwishyuza mugihe cyamasaha ya Proak ni 2.1 Yuan / KWH. Dufashe ko nyirubwite yishyuwe mugihe cyamasaha ya buri munsi kandi agarura imbaraga kuri gride mugihe cyamasaha yacyo, nyirubwite arashobora gukora inyungu byibuze 50 yuan kumunsi. Ati: "Hamwe n'ibiciro bishoboka ku giciro cy'inyamanswa, nko gushyira mu bikorwa ibiciro by'isoko mu masaha y'isuku, amafaranga ava mu binyabiziga atanga imbaraga zo kwishyuza ibinyabiziga bishobora kongera kwiyongera."
Umuntu ushinzwe ingufu z'amashuri yavuzwe haruguru yerekanaga ko binyuze mu ikoranabuhanga rya V2G, ibiciro byo gutakaza bateri bigomba gufatwa iyo ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi byohereza imbaraga kuri gride. Raporo zibishinzwe zerekana ko ikiguzi cya batiri 60 gifite US $ 7,680 (bihwanye n'ejob 55.000).
Ku bijyanye no kwishyuza amasosiyete ya piri, kuko umubare w'ibinyabiziga bishya bikomeje kwiyongera, isoko risaba tekinoroji ya V2G nayo izakura. Iyo ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi bitandukira ububasha binyuze mu gushyuza ibirundo, ibigo byishyuza ibirundo birashobora kwishyuza "amafaranga ya serivisi". Byongeye kandi, mu mijyi myinshi yo mu Bushinwa, amasosiyete ashora kandi akora ibirundo, kandi guverinoma izatanga inzitizi zijyanye.
Imijyi yo murugo iteza imbere buhoro buhoro porogaramu za V2G. Muri Nyakanga 2023, umujyi wa mbere wa Zhoushanani washyizwe mu bikorwa ku mugaragaro, kandi hashyizweho gahunda yo gucuruza parike mu ntara ya Zhejiang yarangiye neza. Ku ya 9 Mutarama 2024, Nio yatangaje ko icyiciro cya mbere cya sitasiyo 10 v2g gishyuza muri Shanghai cyashyizwe mu bikorwa.
Cui Dongshu, umunyamabanga mukuru w'isoko ry'isoko ry'igihugu gihuje amasoko ahuriweho, ni icyizere ku bijyanye n'ubushakashatsi bwa V2G. Yabwiye abashakashatsi ko bateye imbere ikoranabuhanga rya bateri y'imbaraga, ubuzima bwa bateri bushobora kwiyongera inshuro 3.000 cyangwa irenga, bihwanye n'imyaka 10 yo gukoresha. Ibi ni ngombwa cyane kubisabwa aho ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi bishyurwa kenshi kandi birekuwe.
Abashakashatsi bo mu mahanga babonye ibyo babonye. Igikorwa cya Ositaraliya kiherutse kurangiza umushinga w'ubushakashatsi mu mwaka wa V2G w'ikoranabuhanga muri V2G witwa "Kumenya ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi muri serivisi za Grid (Rev)". Byerekana ko hamwe niterambere rinini ryikoranabuhanga, ibiciro byishyurwa v2g biteganijwe ko byagabanijwe cyane. Ibi bivuze ko mugihe kirekire, nkigiciro cyo kwishyuza ibitero bitonyanga, igiciro cyibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi nabyo bizagenda no kugabanya amafaranga yigihe kirekire. Ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi nabyo birashobora kuba ingirakamaro cyane kuringaniza ibitekerezo byingufu zishobora kuvugururwa muri gride mugihe cyamashanyarazi.
Ikeneye ubufatanye bwinyamanswa n'imbaraga zishingiye ku isoko.
Ku rwego rwa tekiniki, inzira y'ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi igaburira grid y'amashanyarazi bizongera ibintu bigoye muri rusange.
XI Guofu, Umuyobozi w'iterambere ry'imari y'Ubushinwa, yigeze kuvuga ko kwishyuza ibinyabiziga bishya bikubiyemo "umutwaro munini n'imbaraga nke". Ba nyirubwite bashya b'ibinyabiziga bamenyereye kwishyuza hagati ya 19h00 na 23h00, bihurira nigihe cyo kwikorera amashanyarazi atuye. Nkuko 85%, bikaba bikangura imbaraga zo hejuru kandi bizana ingaruka zikomeye kumurongo wo kugabura.
Dukurikije ibintu bifatika, mugihe ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi bigaburira ingufu zamashanyarazi kuri gride, umutego usabwa kugirango uhindure voltage kugirango uhuza na gride. Ibi bivuze ko gahunda yo gusohora ibinyabiziga ikeneye guhuza tekinoroji ya tekinoroji ya gride yububasha. By'umwihariko, kohereza imbaraga mu birundo byo kwishyuza muri tram birimo kwanduza ingufu z'amashanyarazi kuva mu mvugo yo hasi, mu gihe kohereza imbaraga muri tram (bityo bigatuma gride) isaba kwiyongera kuri a voltage yo hepfo kuri voltage yo hejuru. Muri tekinoroji iragoye, irimo guhinduka voltage no kwemeza ko ingufu z'amashanyarazi no kubahiriza amahame ya Gride.
Ushinzwe igihingwa cy'amashanyarazi yavuzwe haruguru bwerekanye ko insde y'amashanyarazi ikeneye gukora imicungire y'ingufu mu kwishyuza no gusohoka kw'ibinyabiziga byinshi by'amashanyarazi, atari ikibazo cya tekiniki gusa, ahubwo kirimo guhinduka ku ngamba zo gukora gride .
Yavuze ati: "Urugero, mu turere tumwe na tumwe, insinga za grid ihari ntabwo zikabije kugirango dushyigikire umubare munini wo kwishyuza ibirundo. Ibi bihwanye na sisitemu yubusa. Umuyoboro munini ntushobora gutanga amazi ahagije kumiyoboro yose kandi ugomba gusubizwa. Ibi bisaba kugarura byinshi. Amafaranga yo mu kubaka. " Nubwo ibirundo bishyurwa ahantu runaka, ntibishobora gukora neza kubera ibibazo byubushobozi bya Gride.
Igikorwa cyo kurwanya imihindagurikire y'ikirere gikeneye gutera imbere. Kurugero, imbaraga zo kwishyuza ibirundo bishyuza ubusanzwe uburebure bwa 7 (7kw), mugihe imbaraga zose zo murugo mu rugo rusanzwe ari hafi 3 (3kw). Niba umwe cyangwa bibiri bishyurwa bihujwe, umutwaro urashobora gutwarwa byuzuye, kandi nubwo imbaraga zikoreshwa mumasaha yo hejuru, ni gride yamashanyarazi irashobora gukaraba. Ariko, niba umubare munini wibirundo bifatanye bihujwe nimbaraga bikoreshwa mubihe bya hafi, ubushobozi bwikirere bwa gride burashobora kurenga.
Ushinzwe ingufu z'amashuri yavuzwe haruguru yavuze ko mu cyifuzo cyo gukwirakwiza ingufu, Isoko ry'amashanyarazi rishobora gusakuza kugira ngo rikemure ikibazo cyo guteza imbere ikibazo cyo kwishyuza no kurangiza ibinyabiziga bishya by'ubutegetsi mu gihe kizaza. Kugeza ubu, ingufu z'amashanyarazi zigurishwa n'amasosiyete y'ibisekuruza by'ibisekuruza by'ibigo bya grid, hanyuma uyiha abakoresha n'inzego. Kuzenguruka kwinshi byongera ikiguzi cyo gutanga amashanyarazi muri rusange. Niba abakoresha nubucuruzi bashobora kugura amashanyarazi mu buryo butaziguye ibigo byamashanyarazi, bizoroshya urunigi rwingufu. "Kugura neza birashobora kugabanya amahuza hagati, bityo bigabanya ikiguzi cyamashanyarazi. Irashobora kandi guteza imbere amasosiyete yishyurwa cyane kugirango abone umwanya wamashanyarazi n'amabwiriza ya gride y'imbaraga, ifite akamaro gakomeye ku bikorwa byiza by'isoko ry'ingufu n'ikoranabuhanga rya Grid. "
Qin Jisange, Umuyobozi w'ikigo gishinzwe ingufu (ikigo gishinzwe kugenzura) cya Leta Grid Smart Inteko ikoranabuhanga n'inyungu za interineti, umutungo mbonezamubano uhuza ibinyabiziga bishobora guhuzwa kuri enterineti yimodoka zubushakashatsi kugirango byoroshe ibikorwa byabashinzwe imibereho. Wubake urwego, kugabanya amafaranga yishoramari, kugera ku bufatanye bw'intsinzi na interineti y'imodoka, kandi wubake urusobe rwinganda zirambye.
Susie
Sichuan Green Ubumenyi & Tekinoneraloji Ltd., Co
0086 19302815938
Igihe cyagenwe: Feb-10-2024
