Komisiyo Mpuzamahanga ya Tekiniki y'Umuriro (IEC) igira uruhare runini mu guteza imbere no kubungabunga amahame mpuzamahanga y'ikoranabuhanga ry'amashanyarazi. Mu byo ikora harimo amahame ya IEC 62196, yagenewe by'umwihariko kwita ku bikorwa remezo byo kwishyuza imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi (EVs). Mu gihe icyifuzo cy'ubwikorezi burambye gikomeje kwiyongera, IEC 62196 yagaragaye nk'umurongo ngenderwaho w'ingenzi ku bakora, abatanga serivisi, ndetse n'abaguzi.
IEC 62196, ifite icyerekezo cyemewe cyitwa “Plugs, socket-outlets, connectors z’imodoka, n’aho imodoka zinjira – Gutanga chargeur ikoresheje amashanyarazi,” ishyiraho urufatiro rw’uburyo bumwe kandi bushobora gukoreshwa bwo gushyushya amashanyarazi kuri EV. Ishyirwa ahagaragara mu bice byinshi, iri tegeko rigaragaza ibipimo by’aho connectors zikoresha chargeur, protocole z’itumanaho, n’ingamba z’umutekano, bishimangira ubwuzuzanye n’imikorere myiza mu buryo bwose bwa EV.
Kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi bya IEC 62196 ni uburyo burambuye bwo gushyushya. Ubu buryo bugena uburyo butandukanye bwo gushyushya, nka Mode 1, Mode 2, Mode 3, na Mode 4, buri bumwe bujyanye n'imiterere itandukanye yo gushyushya n'ingufu. Buvuga ku miterere y'imiterere y'ibihuza, butuma habaho igishushanyo mbonera gisanzwe cyorohereza guhuza neza mu buryo butagoramye mu dusanteri dutandukanye two gushyushya n'uburyo bwa EV.
Kugira ngo itumanaho rirusheho kuba ryiza hagati ya EV n'ibikorwa remezo byo gusharija, IEC 62196 igena amabwiriza yo guhanahana amakuru. Iri tumanaho ni ingenzi mu gucunga ibihe byo gusharija, kugenzura imiterere y'ishyuza, no kugenzura umutekano mu gihe cyo gusharija. Aya mahame akubiyemo ingingo zo gusharija AC (Alternating Current) na DC (Direct Current), bituma habaho ubworoherane n'uburyo butandukanye bwo gusharija.
Umutekano ni ikintu cy'ingenzi mu gushyushya imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, kandi IEC 62196 irabikemura ishyiraho ingamba zikomeye z'umutekano. Ihame rigena ibisabwa kugira ngo umuntu arindwe amashanyarazi, ubushyuhe ntarengwa, no kudahura n'ibintu bibangamira ibidukikije, rituma ibikoresho byo gushyushya imodoka bikomera kandi bihamye. Kubahiriza izi ngamba z'umutekano byongera icyizere cy'umukoresha mu ikoranabuhanga ry'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi.
IEC 62196 yagize ingaruka zikomeye ku isoko ry’ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi ku isi hose, itanga uburyo rusange bwo gushyushya ibikoresho. Ishyirwaho ryayo rituma abakoresha amashanyarazi bashobora gushyushya ibinyabiziga byabo ahantu hatandukanye ho gushyushya, hatitawe ku musaruro cyangwa aho biherereye. Ubu buryo bwo gukorana butuma imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi zikoreshwa neza kandi zigakwirakwira, bigatuma isi yose ihinduka mu buryo burambye.
Uko ikoranabuhanga rigenda ritera imbere n'isoko ry'ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi rikomeza kwaguka, ibipimo ngenderwaho bya IEC 62196 bishobora kuzajya bivugururwa kugira ngo bihuze n'ibigezweho n'udushya. Kuba ibipimo ngenderwaho bihinduka ni ingenzi kugira ngo bijyane n'iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga ryo gusharija, bityo bikomeze kuba inkingi y'ingenzi mu nganda zikoresha amashanyarazi.
IEC 62196 ihamya akamaro ko gushyiraho uburyo busanzwe mu guteza imbere iterambere ry’ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi. Binyuze mu gutanga urwego rusesuye rw’ibikorwaremezo byo gusharija, guhuza, amabwiriza y’itumanaho, n’ingamba z’umutekano, iyi gahunda yagize uruhare runini mu gushyiraho ahazaza harambye kandi hashoboka ku buryo bworoshye bwo gutwara amashanyarazi. Uko umuryango mpuzamahanga ugenda urushaho kwakira ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi, IEC 62196 ikomeje kuba urumuri, iyobora inganda mu buryo buhuriweho kandi bunoze bwo gusharija.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza 14-2023
