Mu 1970, uwatsindiye igihembo cyitiriwe Nobel mu by'ubukungu Paul Samuelson, mu ntangiriro y’igitabo cye cyamamaye cyitwa "Ubukungu", yanditse interuro nk'iyi: nubwo udusimba dushobora guhinduka abahanga mu bukungu, igihe cyose babyigisha "gutanga" na "Gusaba" birashoboka gukoreshwa.
Mubyukuri, isi yubukungu, amategeko yamategeko ibihumbi, namategeko ya bose. Igihe cyose n'ahantu hose, "gutanga no gusaba ibyemezo n'ibiciro" bigira uruhare. Vuba aha, izamuka ry’ibiciro by’amashanyarazi mu kwishyuza ibirundo byasobanuye neza iri tegeko. Byakubise mu buryo butaziguye umutima wumushoferi wibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi, bitera ishusho yumurongo wumurongo wumurongo wumurongo wikariso mugihe runaka.
Nk’uko iperereza ryakozwe n’umunyamakuru ribivuga, ku manywa, usanga nta kirundo cyo kwishyuza kiri munsi y’amafaranga 1 kuri kilowati; nyuma ya saa sita, igiciro cyo kwishyuza byihuse ni rusange hafi 1.4 yuan / dogere; Impamyabumenyi yavuzwe haruguru; igiciro cyibirundo bimwe byo kwishyuza byarenze 2 yuan / dogere. Nk’uko ibitangazamakuru byabitangaza, mu mezi atandatu ashize, ibiciro by’amashanyarazi y’ibirundo byo kwishyuza byiyongereye ku buryo bugaragara ahantu henshi, munsi y’inguni nkeya, ndetse n’amafaranga arenga imwe. Ubwiyongere bukabije ni hafi "gukuba kabiri" ugereranije nubushize.
Kuki ibiciro by'amashanyarazi byo kwishyuza ibirundo bizamuka?
Ubwa mbere, icyifuzo cyo kwishyuza ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu cyiyongereye cyane. Politiki nziza hamwe nisoko ryibanze byatumye ba nyiri imodoka yamashanyarazi bagaragara mumaso, kandi icyifuzo rusange cyo kwishyuza cyiyongereye cyane. Icy'ingenzi cyane, kuri ubu, imijyi itandukanye yashyize mu bikorwa ibitekerezo bishya byiterambere kandi ikora iterambere ryatsi kandi ryubwenge. Imodoka gakondo za lisansi zagiye buhoro buhoro ziva muri tagisi no ku isoko ryimodoka. Imodoka nshya zingufu zagaragaye buhoro buhoro kuri stade yo gutwara abantu mumijyi kandi yiganje. Abatwara ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu bumva cyane ibiciro byamashanyarazi kandi bagatekereza igihe nigihe cyo kwishyuza buri munsi. Iyo ibinyabiziga byombi hamwe nibinyabiziga bitwara abantu bigomba kwishyurwa, icyifuzo cyo kwishyuza cyiyongereye cyane, ibyo birigaragaza.
Icya kabiri, ubwiyongere bw'itangwa ry'ikirundo cyo kwishyuza bukiri inyuma yo kwiyongera kw'ibisabwa. Ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi hamwe nibirundo byo kwishyuza nibicuruzwa byuzuzanya, nibyingenzi. Hariho ibinyabiziga byinshi byamashanyarazi, kandi ikirundo cyo kwishyuza kigomba kuba kinini. Nyamara, imiterere yimodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi hamwe no kurunda ibirundo biratandukanye gato, ibyo byatumye itangwa ryibikoresho byo kwishyuza bikomeza kwiyongera. Ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi bifite imiterere yibintu byihariye. Niba ushobora kuyigura, urashobora kuyigura, kandi urashobora kuyigura. Iki nikibazo cyihariye cyo gufata ibyemezo. Ikirundo cyo kwishyuza gifite imiterere yibintu rusange. Ninde uzashora imari, ninde uzubaka, aho yubatswe, ni bangahe, ibirundo bingahe, uzakora kandi akabungabunga… Kubaka ikirundo cyo kwishyuza ni injeniyeri itunganijwe, ikibazo gifata ibyemezo rusange, ntabwo gishobora kubakwa ngo kibe yubatswe, kandi urashobora kuyubaka. Nubwo imijyi itandukanye yatangiye guha agaciro iyubakwa ry’ibirundo byo kwishyuza, itangwa ry’ibirundo byishyurwa hamwe n’imiterere y’ibintu rusange ryabaye inyuma cyane yo kwishyuza ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu bifite imiterere y’ibintu bwite.
Icya gatatu, impinduka mumibanire hagati yo kwishyuza no gusaba byahinduye imiterere yigiciro cyo kwishyuza. Muri rusange, igiciro cyo kwishyuza ibirundo rusange byishyurwa kigizwe nibice bibiri: amafaranga ya serivisi na fagitire y'amashanyarazi. Muri byo, impinduka zishyurwa ry'amashanyarazi zirasanzwe. Igabanijwemo impinga, ibice bigororotse, hamwe ninkono amasaha 24 kumunsi, ibyo bikaba bihuye nurwego rutandukanye rwibiciro byamashanyarazi. Amafaranga ya serivisi ahindurwa hakurikijwe amabwiriza y'uturere dutandukanye, ibihe bitandukanye, n'ibigo bitandukanye. Iyo ikinyabiziga cyamashanyarazi kitaramenyekana kandi ikirundo cyo kwishyuza kimaze gushyirwaho, icyifuzo cyo kwishyuza ntikiri munsi yo gutanga ibirundo byo kwishyuza muri iki gihe. Kugirango ushake abashoferi kwishyuza, uwashinzwe kwishyuza ibirundo agabanya amafaranga ya serivisi ndetse akanakurura umushoferi binyuze mu kugabanya ibiciro ndetse n'intambara y'ibiciro. Hamwe nogukwirakwiza buhoro buhoro ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi nibibazo byo gutanga ibirundo byo kwishyuza muri make, uwukora ikirundo cyumuriro azajya mubisanzwe ku isoko, ntagikora amafaranga ya serivisi, kandi igiciro cyo kwishyuza kizamuka. Birashobora kugaragara ko iyi ari ihinduka ryibintu bitangwa nibisabwa ku isoko ryishyuza.
Igiciro kizavuga, kandi gisobanura inkuru yumubano wo gutanga no gusaba ikirundo cyo kwishyuza. Mubyukuri, igiciro ni indorerwamo, byose mu nganda zose, byose birimo.
Susie
Sichuan Green Science & Technology Ltd, Co
0086 19302815938
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-07-2024
