Mu myaka ibiri ishize, umusaruro n'igurishwa ry'imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu mu gihugu cyanjye byiyongereye cyane. Uko umubare w'imodoka zikoresha ingufu mu mijyi ukomeje kwiyongera, imodoka zikoresha ingufu mu mijyi zarushijeho kuba nziza cyane. Ariko, gukora ingendo ndende biracyatera ba nyir'imodoka benshi impungenge zo kongera ingufu. Vuba aha, "Gahunda yo kwihutisha iyubakwa ry'ibikorwa remezo byo gushyushya ku muhanda" yatanzwe ku bufatanye na Minisiteri y'Ubwikorezi, Ikigo cy'Igihugu gishinzwe Ingufu, Leta ya Grid Co., Ltd., na China Southern Power Grid Co., Ltd. yagaragaje ko mu mpera za 2022, igihugu kizaharanira gukuraho ibikorwa remezo bikonje cyane n'ibikoresha imbaraga mu misozi miremire. Ahantu hakorerwa serivisi z'imihanda minini mu turere two hanze y'igihugu hashobora gutanga serivisi z'ibanze zo gushyushya; mbere y'uko umwaka wa 2023 urangira, ahantu hakora serivisi z'imihanda minini mu gihugu no mu ntara hashobora gutanga serivisi z'ibanze zo gushyushya.
Amakuru yatangajwe mbere na Minisiteri y’Ubwikorezi agaragaza ko kugeza muri Mata uyu mwaka, imiyoboro 13.374 yo gushyushya yarubatswe mu duce 3.102 mu duce 6.618 twa serivisi z’imihanda yo mu gihugu cyanjye. Nk’uko amakuru yashyizwe ahagaragara n’Umuryango w’Ubushinwa uharanira kwishyura abivuga, kugeza muri Nyakanga uyu mwaka, umubare w’imiyoboro rusange yo gushyushya mu gihugu cyanjye wageze kuri miliyoni 1.575. Ariko, umubare wose w’imiyoboro yo gushyushya uracyari kure cyane ugereranije n’umubare w’imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu ubu.
Kugeza muri Kamena uyu mwaka, umubare w’ibikorwa remezo by’amashanyarazi mu gihugu hose wari miliyoni 3.918. Muri icyo gihe, umubare w’imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu mu gihugu cyanjye warenze miliyoni 10. Ni ukuvuga ko igipimo cy’imizigo ikoresha ingufu ku modoka ari hafi 1:3. Dukurikije ibisabwa n’amahanga, kugira ngo ikibazo cyo gushyushya imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu gikemuke burundu, igipimo cy’imizigo ikoresha ingufu kigomba kugera kuri 1:1. Bigaragara ko ugereranije n’ibikenewe by’ukuri, gukwirakwiza imizigo ikoresha ingufu biracyakeneye kwihutishwa. Ubushakashatsi bufatika bwerekana ko mu 2030, umubare w’imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu mu Bushinwa uzaba ugeze kuri miliyoni 64.2. Niba intego yo kubaka igipimo cy’imizigo ikoresha ingufu ku modoka cya 1:1 ikurikijwe, hazakomeza kubaho icyuho cya miliyoni 63 mu kubaka imizigo ikoresha ingufu mu Bushinwa mu myaka 10 iri imbere.
Birumvikana ko uko icyuho kirushaho kuba kinini, ni ko ubushobozi bw'inganda burushaho kwiyongera. Imibare igaragaza ko ingano y'isoko ryose ry'ibice by'amashanyarazi rizagera kuri miliyari 200 z'amayuani. Ubu hari amasosiyete arenga 240.000 akorana n'ibice by'amashanyarazi mu gihugu, muri yo arenga 45.000 yari yanditswe mu gice cya mbere cya 2022, aho impuzandengo y'izamuka rya buri kwezi rya 45.5%. Bishoboka ko kubera ko imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu zikiri mu cyiciro cyo gukurura abantu cyane, ibikorwa by'iri soko bizakomeza kwiyongera mu gihe kizaza. Ibi bishobora kandi gufatwa nk'urundi rwego rushya rushyigikira rwavutse mu nganda nshya zikoresha ingufu.
Imigozi yo gushyushya imodoka nshya ikoresha ingufu nk'uko sitasiyo za lisansi zikoresha lisansi zikoresha lisansi. Akamaro kayo karagaragara. Mu ntangiriro za 2020, imigozi mishya yo gushyushya imodoka nshya ikoresha ingufu yari yashyizwe mu bikorwa remezo bishya by'igihugu hamwe n'inyubako za sitasiyo ya 5G, amashanyarazi menshi cyane, gari ya moshi yihuta hagati y'imijyi n'inzira za gari ya moshi zo mu mujyi, kandi amabwiriza agenga inganda zo gushyushya imodoka yasohotse kuva ku rwego rw'igihugu kugeza ku rwego rw'ibanze. Politiki yo gushyigikira uruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa. Kubera iyo mpamvu, gukundwa kw'imigozi yo gushyushya imodoka byarushijeho kwiyongera mu myaka ibiri ishize.
Nubwo inganda zirimo gutera imbere vuba, ibikorwa remezo by’ibice bishya biracyafite ibibazo bitandukanye mu bijyanye n’imiterere, imikorere n’isukura. Urugero, uburyo bwo gushyiraho ibintu ntabwo buringaniye. Hari uduce dushobora kuba twuzuye, ariko hari uduce dufite aho dusohokera hato. Byongeye kandi, gushyiraho ibice bishya bishya nabyo bishobora kwangizwa n’umutungo w’abaturage n’ibindi bintu. Ibi bintu byabujije ko imikoreshereze nyayo y’ibice bishya bishya ikoreshwa cyane, kandi byagize ingaruka ku bunararibonye bw’abafite imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu. Muri icyo gihe, kuba ibice bishya bishya binyura mu bice bitanga serivisi zo mu muhanda nabyo byabaye imbogamizi ikomeye igira ingaruka ku "ngendo ndende" z’imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu. Iyi gahunda y’ibikorwa iragaragaza ibisabwa mu kubaka ibice bishya bishya, kandi koko ni yo yibasiwe cyane.
Byongeye kandi, ni ngombwa gusobanukirwa neza ko inganda zikora akazi ko gushyushya imigozi zirimo imirongo myinshi irimo igishushanyo mbonera n'ubushakashatsi n'iterambere, uburyo bwo gukora, kugurisha no kubungabunga, nibindi. Ntibivuze ko iyo zimaze gushyirwaho, zizakorwa burundu. Urugero, ikintu cyo "kurangiza nabi" no kwangirika kw'imigozi nyuma yo gushyirwaho byagiye bigaragara rimwe na rimwe. Muri rusange, iterambere ririho ubu ry'imigozi yo gushyushya imigozi rirangwa no "gushimangira ubwubatsi ariko imikorere yayo ikaba yoroshye". Ibi birimo ikibazo gikomeye cyane, ni ukuvuga ko, mu gihe amasosiyete menshi yihutira gufata iri soko ry'inyanja y'ubururu, kutagira amahame ngenderwaho y'inganda byatumye imikorere rusange y'inganda zikora akazi ko gushyushya imigozi irushaho kunozwa. Bamwe mu bahagarariye Kongere y'Igihugu batanze igitekerezo cy'uko amabwiriza agenga iyubakwa n'itunganywa ry'imigozi yo gushyushya imigozi n'imigozi yo gushyushya imigozi agomba gushyirwaho vuba bishoboka kugira ngo hubakwe kandi hubakwe imigozi yo gushyushya imigozi n'imigozi yo gushyushya imigozi. Muri icyo gihe, amahame ngenderwaho agenga ikoreshwa ry'imigozi yo gushyushya imigozi n'amahame ngenderwaho agomba kunozwa.
Kubera ko inganda zose zikora ibinyabiziga bishya bikoresha ingufu zikiri mu ntera y’iterambere ryihuse kandi ibyo abaguzi bakenera bigakomeza kwiyongera, inganda zikora ibirundo byo gushyushya nazo zigomba gukomeza kuvugururwa. Ikibazo gisanzwe ni uko ibirundo byo gushyushya bya mbere byari ibyo "gushyushya buhoro", ariko bitewe n’ubwiyongere bw’umuvuduko w’ibinyabiziga bishya bikoresha ingufu, icyifuzo cya sosiyete cyo "gushyushya vuba" kirimo kwiyongera. Mu by’ukuri, gushyushya ibinyabiziga bishya bikoresha ingufu bigomba kuba byoroshye nk’uko byongera lisansi. Muri urwo rwego, ku ruhande rumwe, ibigo birasabwa kwihutisha ubushakashatsi n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga no kongera gukundwa kwa birundo byo "gushyushya vuba"; ku rundi ruhande, gushyigikira amashanyarazi nabyo birakenewe kugira ngo bijyane n’igihe. Mu yandi magambo, mu gihe hari ukwiyongera kwihuta kw’ibinyabiziga bishya bikoresha ingufu, mu gihe cyo gukwirakwiza ibirundo byo gushyushya, ntitugomba kwemeza umuvuduko gusa, ahubwo dushobora no kwirengagiza ubuziranenge. Bitabaye ibyo, ntibizagira ingaruka gusa ku bushobozi nyabwo bwa serivisi, ahubwo bishobora no guteza ubusabe bw’umutungo. Cyane cyane kubera ko hari inkunga zitandukanye n’inkunga, ni ngombwa gukumira ikintu cy’iterambere ridafite gahunda aho ibitekerezo bikunze kugaragara kandi ibitekerezo bikunze kugaragara. Mu by’ukuri hari amasomo twigira kuri ibi mu nganda nyinshi, kandi tugomba kuba maso.
Uko amapine yo gushyushya akoreshwa cyane nk'ingamba zishyigikira ibikorwa remezo, ni ko birushaho gufasha iterambere ry'inganda nshya zikoresha ingufu. Ku rugero runaka, iyo amapine yo gushyushya akoreshwa hose, ntibizagabanya gusa impungenge z'abafite imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu ku bijyanye no kongera ingufu, ahubwo bizanafasha kongera icyizere cy'umuryango wose ku modoka nshya zikoresha ingufu, kuko bizazana byinshi. Bishobora gutanga "umutekano" bityo bikagira uruhare mu "kwamamaza". Kubwibyo, ahantu henshi hagaragaje ko kubaka amapine yo gushyushya bigomba guterwa imbere mu buryo bukwiye. Byagombye kuvugwa ko ukurikije gahunda y'iterambere iriho n'umuvuduko ufatika w'iterambere, inganda zikoresha amapine yo gushyushya zirimo gutangiza imvura. Ariko muri iki gikorwa, uburyo bwo gusobanukirwa isano iri hagati y'umuvuduko n'ubwiza biracyakwiye kwitabwaho.
Susie
Sichuan Green Science & Technology Ltd., Co.
0086 19302815938
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza 19-2023
