“Umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi uhamye ni inkingi ikomeye y’isoko ry’ingufu z’imbere mu Burayi kandi ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo habeho impinduka mu by’ibidukikije.” Mu “Gahunda y’ibikorwa byo kubaka imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi y’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi” yasohotse vuba aha, Komisiyo y’Uburayi (izwi nka “Komisiyo y’Uburayi”) yavuze neza ko umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi w’i Burayi ugomba kugana mu cyerekezo cyo kuba “umunyabwenge, ufite uburinganire, kandi urushaho koroshya imikorere”. Muri urwo rwego, Komisiyo y’Uburayi irateganya gushora imari miliyari 584 z’amayero bitarenze 2030 kugira ngo ivugurure umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi.
Nyuma y’iyi gahunda ya Komisiyo y’Uburayi, hari impungenge z’umuryango w’ingufu ku iterambere rikomeje kugabanuka mu kubaka imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi y’i Burayi. Abasesenguzi muri rusange bemeza ko imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi y’i Burayi iriho ubu ari mito cyane, iri inyuma cyane, iri hagati cyane, kandi idafitanye isano rihagije, kandi ihura n’ibibazo byinshi.
Ubwa mbere, umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi ushaje ntushobora guhaza ikoreshwa ry’amashanyarazi rikomeje kwiyongera. Biteganyijwe ko mu 2030, ikoreshwa ry’amashanyarazi mu Muryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi riziyongeraho hafi 60% ugereranije n’uko bimeze ubu. Kuri ubu, hafi 40% by’imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi yo mu Burayi imaze imyaka irenga 40 ikoreshwa kandi iri munsi y’imyaka 10 ngo umushinga wayo uhere. Umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi ushaje ntutakaza gusa ubushobozi bwo kohereza amashanyarazi, ahubwo unateza n’ibibazo bishobora guteza umutekano muke.
Icya kabiri, iterambere ry’ingufu zisubira ku mpande zombi zitanga ingufu ndetse n’izikenewe rigaragaza ikizamini ku miyoboro isanzweho. Miliyoni z’ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba, pompe zishyushya, n’umutungo rusange w’ingufu zikoreshwa n’abaturage bizakenera gukoresha imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi, mu gihe kwiyongera k’ubukene bwo gushyushya imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi no gukora hydrogen bizasaba uburyo bworoshye kandi bugezweho bwo gukwirakwiza ingufu.
Byongeye kandi, abakora ingufu nyinshi barimo kwinubira inzira igoye yo kugenzura. “Gahunda” ivuga ko mu bihugu byinshi, imishinga yo kubyaza ingufu zisubiramo igomba gutegereza igihe kirekire kugira ngo ibone uburenganzira bwo guhuza amashanyarazi. Leonhard Birnbaum, umuyobozi w’Umuryango w’Uburayi w’Ingufu z’Amashanyarazi akaba n’Umuyobozi Mukuru wa E.ON Group yo mu Budage, yigeze kwinubira agira ati: “Nk’ikigo kinini cy’ubucuruzi bw’amashanyarazi mu Budage, ubusabe bwa E.ON bwo gukoresha umuyoboro nabwo bwabaye imfabusa.”
Si ibyo gusa, ubucuruzi bw’ingufu zikomeza kwiyongera muri EU bwanashyize imbere ibisabwa byinshi byo guhuza imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi hagati y’ibihugu bigize Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi. Inama y’Ububanyi n’Amahanga, ikigo kizwi cyane cy’i Burayi, yagaragaje muri raporo ko iyo igihugu kidafite ingufu zikomoka mu gihugu, gishobora kubona ingufu ziturutse mu bindi bihugu, ibyo bikazongera ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ingufu mu Burayi bwose. Urugero, mu gihe cy’ubushyuhe bwinshi mu mpeshyi ya 2022, inganda z’ingufu za kirimbuzi zo mu Bufaransa zagabanyije ingufu zikomoka mu gihugu, ahubwo ziyongera amashanyarazi yinjizwaga mu Bwongereza, Esipanye, Ubudage, n’Ububiligi kugira ngo habeho ko abaturage bakenera ingufu ziturutse mu gihugu.
Imibare yakozwe n’Umuryango w’Abanyaburayi wita ku bakozi ba serivisi zo gutwara imizigo, uhagarariye ibigo 39 by’i Burayi bitanga ingufu z’amashanyarazi, igaragaza ko mu myaka irindwi iri imbere, ibikorwa remezo by’ikwirakwizwa ry’amashanyarazi mu bihugu by’Uburayi bigomba kwikuba kabiri, kandi ubushobozi bwa GW 23 bugomba kongerwaho bitarenze 2025. Ni muri urwo rwego, bitarenze 2030 hazongeraho ubundi bushobozi bwa GW 64 muri uyu mwaka.
Kugira ngo Komisiyo y'Uburayi ishobore gukemura ibi bibazo biri imbere, yasanze hari ibice birindwi by'ingenzi bigomba kwitabwaho muri Gahunda, harimo kwihutisha ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry'imishinga isanzweho no guteza imbere imishinga mishya, gushimangira igenamigambi ry'igihe kirekire ry'imiyoboro y'itumanaho, gushyiraho urwego rw'amategeko rureba imbere, no kunoza ikoranabuhanga ry'amashanyarazi. Urwego rw'ubwenge, kwagura inzira z'imari, kunoza inzira yo kwemeza impushya no kunoza no gushimangira uruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa, nibindi. Gahunda itanga ibitekerezo byihariye ku bikorwa kuri buri gice cyavuzwe haruguru.
Gilles Dixon, Umuyobozi Mukuru w’Ishyirahamwe ry’Ingufu z’Umuyaga ry’i Burayi, yizera ko gutangiza “Gahunda” kwa Komisiyo y’Uburayi ari “intambwe y’ubwenge.” “Ibi bigaragaza ko Komisiyo y’Uburayi yabonye ko hatabayeho ishoramari rinini mu muyoboro w’amashanyarazi, bidashoboka kugera ku mpinduka mu ngufu”. Dickson yishimiye uburyo Gahunda ishyira imbere gahunda yo gushyiraho uburyo busanzwe bwo gutanga amashanyarazi. “Abakora sisitemu yo gutwara amashanyarazi bagomba guhabwa inkunga isobanutse yo kugura ibikoresho bisanzwe.”
Hagati aho, Dickson yashimangiye ko hakenewe igikorwa cyihutirwa, cyane cyane kugira ngo hakemurwe umurongo w’imishinga y’ingufu zishobora kongera gukoreshwa kugira ngo ihuzwe n’umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi. Dickson yavuze ko ari ngombwa kwemeza ko imishinga igeze ku myaka, ifite ingamba kandi ishobora kubakwa ishyirwa imbere, no kwirinda "kureka imishinga idafite ishingiro ikabangamira ibintu". Dickson yasabye kandi amabanki ya leta nka Banki y’Ishoramari y’u Burayi gutanga ingwate ku mishinga minini y’ibikorwa remezo.
Mu rwego rwo guteza imbere cyane uburyo EU ivugurura imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi, ibihugu byose bigize umuryango bigomba gukorera hamwe kugira ngo bitsinde imbogamizi kandi biteze imbere iterambere rikomeye mu kubaka imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi y'i Burayi. Ni muri ubwo buryo gusa u Burayi bushobora kwerekeza ku hazaza heza kandi harambye.
Susie
Sichuan Green Science & Technology Ltd., Co.
0086 19302815938
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-22-2024
