Mu gihe isi igenda ihinduka iganisha ku bisubizo birambye by'ingufu, imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi (EV) zabaye igice cy'ingenzi cy'iyi mpinduka. Icy'ingenzi mu ntsinzi no gukoresha imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi ni abakora sitasiyo zikoresha amashanyarazi, ari na bo bakomeye muri ibi bikorwa remezo bishya. Abakora sitasiyo zikoresha amashanyarazi bari ku isonga muri iyi mpinduramatwara, bagira uruhare runini mu koroshya iterambere ry'isoko ry'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi.
Uruhare rw'abakora sitasiyo zo gushyushya imodoka
Abakora ibyuma bishyushya imodoka bashushanya, bakora, kandi bagakwirakwiza ibikoresho na porogaramu bikenewe mu ikoranabuhanga. Ibicuruzwa byabo bitandukanye kuva ku byuma bishyushya imodoka byo mu rugo bishobora gushyirwa muri gareji kugeza ku byuma bishyushya imodoka by’ubucuruzi n’ibya leta biri mu maduka, aho bakorera, no ku mihanda minini. Aba bakora ibyuma bishyushya imodoka bagomba kubahiriza amahame n’amabwiriza atandukanye kugira ngo barebe ko umutekano, ubwizerwe, n’imikorere myiza.
Abakora sitasiyo zo gushyushya imodoka bakomeye ku isoko
Hari abakinnyi benshi b'ingenzi biganje mu nganda zikora amashanyarazi. Amasosiyete nka Tesla, ChargePoint, Siemens, na ABB amaze kwigaragaza nk'abayobozi, atanga uburyo butandukanye bwo gusharija. Umuyoboro wa Tesla wa Supercharger uzwiho umuvuduko no kwizerwa, wagenewe by'umwihariko imodoka za Tesla ariko kandi ukanakoreshwa n'izindi modoka za EV zifite aho zihurira neza.
ChargePoint ikora imwe mu miyoboro minini y’inganda zikora sitasiyo zo gushyushya imodoka za EV zigenga, ifite ahantu harenga 100.000 ku isi. Siemens na ABB batanga ibisubizo bikomeye kandi bikwirakwizwa ku bikenewe mu ngo no mu bucuruzi, bahuza ikoranabuhanga rigezweho kugira ngo barusheho kunoza ubunararibonye bw’abakoresha no gucunga ingufu.
Abakora sitasiyo yo gucuruza imodoka Udushya n'ikoranabuhanga
Udushya ni ikintu gihoraho mu modokasitasiyo yo gusharijainganda z’inganda. Inganda zitanga amashanyarazi ku modoka zikomeje guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga rishya kugira ngo zinoze umuvuduko wo gusharija, zongere uburyo bworoshye bwo gukoresha, kandi zihuze amasoko y’ingufu zishobora kongera gukoreshwa. Kuza kwa sitasiyo zitanga amashanyarazi yihuta cyane, bishobora kugabanya cyane igihe gisabwa cyo gusharija amashanyarazi ya EV, ni kimwe mu bintu bigezweho. Izi sitasiyo, zishobora gutanga amashanyarazi ya 350 kW cyangwa arenga, zishobora gusharija amashanyarazi ya EV kugeza kuri 80% mu minota 15-20 gusa.
Ikindi kintu gishya ni uguhuza ikoranabuhanga rigezweho. Inganda nyinshi zikora ibyuma bishyashya imodoka zifite porogaramu zemerera abakoresha kumenya aho ibyuma bishyashya bigeze, kugenzura uko ibyuma bishyashya bihagaze, no kwishyura binyuze kuri porogaramu zigendanwa. Izi sisitemu zigezweho zishobora kandi gucunga ikoreshwa ry'ingufu, zigakwirakwiza ingufu neza kugira ngo hirindwe kurenza urugero rw'amashanyarazi.
Imbogamizi n'amahirwe by'abakora sitasiyo zo gucuruza imodoka
Nubwo iterambere ryihuse, uru rwego ruhanganye n'imbogamizi. Igiciro cyo gutangiza uru ruganda kiri hejuru cyaneibikorwa remezo byo kwishyuzakandi kuba hakenewe kuboneka hose kugira ngo bigabanye impungenge z’aho ibintu biherereye ni imbogamizi zikomeye. Ariko, inkunga za leta n’ishoramari ryinshi rituruka mu nzego za leta n’izigenga biri gutera imbere.
Amahirwe ari menshi uko icyifuzo cy’imodoka zitwara imizigo gikomeza kwiyongera. Amasoko ari kuzamuka, cyane cyane muri Aziya no mu Burayi, arimo kubona ukwiyongera k’ikoreshwa rya EV, bigatuma habaho ahantu heza ho gushora imari mu nganda zikora imodoka. Byongeye kandi, iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga rya bateri no guhuza ingufu zisubiramo risezeranya ahazaza harambye kandi heza ku nganda.
Abakora sitasiyo zo gushyushya imodoka ni ingenzi cyane mu mikorere y’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi. Udushya twazo no kwaguka kwazo ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi zikomeze gukoreshwa, bikagira uruhare mu iterambere ry’ejo hazaza heza kandi harambye. Uko ikoranabuhanga rigenda ritera imbere n’isoko rikura, aba bakora sitasiyo zo gushyushya imodoka bazakomeza kuba abakinnyi b’ingenzi mu iterambere ry’ubwikorezi.
Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi kuri ibi, twandikire.
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Igihe cyo kohereza: 27 Nyakanga-2024
