Nubuhe buryo Buhendutse bwo Kwishyuza EV?

Gusobanukirwa ibiciro byo kwishyuza

Mbere yo kwibira muburyo buhendutse, ni ngombwa kumva ibintu bigira ingaruka kumafaranga yo kwishyuza:

1. Ibiciro by'amashanyarazi (biratandukana bitewe nigihe nikoreshwa)
2. Umuvuduko wo kwishyuza (Urwego 1, Urwego 2, cyangwa DC kwishyurwa byihuse)
3. Ahantu kwishyuza (urugo, aho ukorera, cyangwa sitasiyo rusange)
4. Ubushobozi bwa batiri ya EV (bupimwe muri kilowati)
5. Gukoresha neza (ingufu zimwe zabuze mugihe cyo kwishyuza)

Minisiteri ishinzwe ingufu muri Amerika ivuga ko ikigereranyo cyo kwishyuza EV ari amadorari 0.15 kuri kilowati, bivuze ko $ 0.04 kuri kilometero imwe kuri EV isanzwe. Ugereranije n’imodoka ya lisansi igereranya $ 0.15 kuri kilometero imwe, EV zimaze kuzigama cyane. Ariko turashobora gukora neza kurushaho.

Uburyo bwa EV buhendutse bwo Kwishyuza Urutonde

1. Kwishyuza Urugo hamwe nigiciro cyamashanyarazi kitari hejuru

Inzira ihendutse cyane yo kwishyuza EV yawe iri murugo mugihe cyamasaha yo hejuru niba ibikorwa byawe bitanga igihe-cyo-gukoresha (TOU) ibiciro. Dore impamvu:

• Ibiciro by'amashanyarazi make: Ibikorwa byinshi bifasha amafaranga make cyane kumashanyarazi yakoreshejwe ijoro ryose (akenshi 50-70% ugereranije nigipimo cyo hejuru)
• Nta kimenyetso: Bitandukanye na charger rusange, urimo kwishyura ikiguzi cyamashanyarazi gusa ntamafaranga ya serivisi
• Icyoroshye: Kanguka imodoka yuzuye yuzuye mugitondo

Nigute washyiraho ibi:

• Shyiramo urwego rwa 2 murugo EV charger (240V)
• Iyandikishe muri gahunda yawe ya TOU igipimo cyibiciro
• Tegura porogaramu ya EV cyangwa charger kugirango ukore gusa mumasaha yo hejuru (mubisanzwe 9h00-6am)

Urugero rwibiciro: Muri Californiya hamwe na gahunda ya EV2-A ya PG & E, igiciro cyo kwishyuza kitari hejuru ya $ 0.25 / kWh ugereranije na $ 0.45 / kWt mugihe cyibihe. Kuri bateri ya 60kWh, ibyo ni ukuzigama amadolari 12 kuri buri giciro cyuzuye.

2. Kwishyura ku kazi ku buntu

Abakoresha benshi bashiraho sitasiyo yo kwishyuza ya EV nkinyungu zumukozi. Ibi ni kenshi:

• Ubuntu rwose gukoresha
• Urwego rwa 2 charger zishobora kwishyuza imodoka yawe mumasaha yakazi
• Kuboneka kubanza-kuza, kubanza gutangwa

Niba aho ukorera hatanga iyi perk, irashobora gukuraho amafaranga yo kwishyuza urugo rwose. Ibigo bimwe ndetse bishyiraho amashanyarazi yihuta ya DC kubakozi.

3. Sitasiyo yubusa rusange

Mugihe bitamenyerewe, haracyari ahantu henshi hatanga amashanyarazi ya EV kubuntu:

• Ibigo byubucuruzi nubucuruzi (gukurura abakiriya)
• Amahoteri na resitora (kubashyitsi)
• Ahantu hamwe na hamwe (amasomero, parike, inzu yumujyi)
• Abacuruza imodoka (akenshi kuri EV iyo ari yo yose, ntabwo ari ikirango cyabo gusa)

Imbuga nka PlugShare zirashobora kugufasha kubona sitasiyo zishyurwa kubuntu mukarere kawe. Gucuruza-ni uko mubisanzwe ari charger zo murwego rwa 2, bivuze ko uzakenera gusiga imodoka yawe ihagaze amasaha menshi.

4. Kwishyuza Imirasire y'izuba

Niba ufite cyangwa ushyiraho imirasire y'izuba, urashobora kwishyuza EV yawe imbaraga zubusa, zisukuye. Ubukungu:

• Igiciro cyambere: Imirasire y'izuba isaba ishoramari rikomeye ($ 15,000- $ 25,000)
• Kuzigama igihe kirekire: Nyuma yigihe cyo kwishyura (mubisanzwe imyaka 5-8), "lisansi" yawe ni ubuntu
• Inguzanyo z’imisoro ya Leta: Amerika itanga 30% yinguzanyo yimisoro yizuba kugeza 2032

Kubwinyungu nini, shyira izuba hamwe na sisitemu yo murugo kugirango ubike ibisekuru birenze kugirango ushire nijoro.

5. Kugabanya imiyoboro rusange hamwe nabanyamuryango

Imiyoboro myinshi yo kwishyuza itanga ibiciro byagabanijwe kubanyamuryango:

• Koresha amashanyarazi Pass +: $ 4 / ukwezi kuguha igiciro cyo hasi ya 25%
• Abanyamuryango ba EVgo: $ 6.99 / ukwezi kugabanya ibiciro hafi 20%
• Urugo rwa ChargePoint: Ubufatanye bwingirakamaro butanga amafaranga yagabanijwe murugo

Niba ukoresha buri gihe iyi miyoboro, abanyamuryango barashobora kwiyishura vuba.

6. Urwego Rusange 2 Kwishyuza

Mugihe gahoro kurenza DC kwishyuza byihuse, rusange urwego rwa 2 rusanzwe ruhendutse cyane kuri kilowati. Benshi bagurwa kimwe nigipimo cyamashanyarazi murugo, bitandukanye na charger yihuta ikunze gutwara amafaranga menshi.

Kugereranya ibiciro byo kwishyuza: Kumeneka birambuye

Reka dusuzume ikiguzi cyo kwishyuza byuzuye bateri ya 60kWh ya EV (hafi kilometero 200-250) ukoresheje uburyo butandukanye:

* Dufate imodoka ya gaze 30mpg kuri $ 3 / gallon na EV kubona ibirometero 4 / kWh *

Ingamba zo Kwishyuza Ubwenge bwo kuzigama byinshi

Usibye guhitamo ahantu hamwe nigihe cyo kwishyuza, izi ngamba zirashobora kugabanya ibiciro byawe:

1. Itegure bateri yawe: Gushyushya bateri mugihe ugicomeka bizamura imikorere yumuriro
2. Kwishyuza 80%: 20% yanyuma yishyurwa gahoro kandi bidakorwa neza
3. Koresha kwishyuza byateganijwe: Porogaramu EV yawe kugirango yishyure gusa mugihe cyibiciro bihendutse
4. Gukurikirana gahunda zingirakamaro: Benshi batanga ibiciro byihariye bya EV cyangwa kugabanirizwa kwishyiriraho urugo
5. Huza kwishyuza hamwe nibikorwa: Koresha charger rusange kubuntu mugihe uhaha cyangwa urya

Ibiciro Byihishe Kubisuzuma

Mugihe wibanze kuburyo buhendutse bwo kwishyuza, ntukirengagize:

• Kwishyiriraho urugo: $ 500- $ 2000 yo kwishyiriraho urwego rwa 2 no kwishyiriraho umwuga
• Kwishyuza kumugaragaro amafaranga yubusa: Imiyoboro myinshi yishyuza amafaranga niba utimuye imodoka yawe nyuma yo kwishyuza birangiye
• Ubuzima bwa Bateri: Kwishyuza kenshi DC birashobora gutesha agaciro bateri byihuse, birashoboka ko byatwara igihe kirekire

Ibihe bizaza muburyo bwo kwishyuza EV

Imiterere yumuriro wa EV ikomeje kwiyongera hamwe niterambere ryinshi rishobora gutuma kwishyuza bihendutse:

1. Ikoranabuhanga rya Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G): Vuba urashobora kugurisha imbaraga zirenze kuri EV yawe ukagaruka kuri gride mugihe cyimpera
2. Kunoza tekinoroji ya batiri: Kwishyuza byihuse no kuramba bizagabanya ibiciro
3. Kwishyuza byinshi ku kazi: Mugihe kurera bigenda byiyongera, abakoresha benshi bazatanga amafaranga yubusa
4. Iterambere ry’ingufu zisubirwamo: Imbaraga nyinshi zizuba n umuyaga bizahindura ibiciro byamashanyarazi

Umwanzuro: Ingamba zihenze zo Kwishyuza

Nyuma yo gusuzuma amahitamo yose, uburyo buhendutse cyane kubantu benshi ba EV ni:

1. Kwishyuza byibanze: Murugo mugihe cyamasaha yo hejuru hamwe na charger yo murwego rwa 2
2. Kwishyuza icyiciro cya kabiri: Koresha umwanya wubusa cyangwa kwishyuza rusange mugihe bihari
3. Rimwe na rimwe gukoresha: DC kwishyuza byihuse gusa mugihe bikenewe murugendo rurerure
4. Igenamigambi ry'ejo hazaza: Reba imirasire y'izuba niba ufite inzu yawe kugirango yishyure hafi

Muguhuza ubu buryo, abashoferi benshi ba EV bavuga ko bakoresheje amadorari 200-300 gusa buri mwaka kuri "lisansi" ugereranije na $ 1.500- $ 2000 kubinyabiziga bigereranywa na lisansi. Mugihe ibiciro byamashanyarazi hamwe numuyoboro wogukomeza bikomeza kugenda bihinduka, gukomeza kumenyeshwa gahunda nshya nikoranabuhanga bizagufasha gukomeza ingamba zihenze zishoboka zo kwishyuza muburambe bwa nyirubwite.

Wibuke, uburyo buhenze bwo kwishyuza buracyahendutse cyane kuruta lisansi, kuburyo uko wishyuza kose, uzigama amafaranga mugihe ugabanya ibyuka bihumanya. Urufunguzo ni ugushakisha impagarike iboneye yuburyo bworoshye nigiciro gikora mumico yawe yo gutwara.